The Socio-Economic and Environmental Factors Influencing Relapse Drug Addiction among Vulnerable Populations in Karachi, Pakistan

Abstract

Drug abuse is a universal threat that affects both the health of the society and the stability of the social order. The problem is of particular concern for vulnerable populations, such as street youth, who are often the victims of substance abuse, or in extreme cases, forced into violent situations such as wars and terrorism. Such children often experience terribly traumatic events which result in severe physical and psycho-emotional trauma, addiction, and even death at young ages. Even when patients complete the treatment, it is quite common for the patients to relapse which is similar to how chronic diseases like diabetes and hypertension exhibit a pattern of recurrence. In Pakistan, and in particular, substance addiction continues to pose a severe health challenge, with a growing trend of drug use among university and college students. Karachi paints a particularly disturbing picture, with drug use being rampant and out in the open endangering the health and future of the youth. This study sets out to examine the socio-economic problems health vulnerabilities, social settings, and living conditions of those who are chronic relapses to drug abuse. The study investigates the factors related to relapse by looking into the literature on social stigma, lack of financial means, and lack of sociocultural networks. Using additional qualitative data, it indicates the need for specific assistance for relapsed individuals. The study findings reveal that an efficient policy and publicity as well as support services are essential in the fight against drug addiction and drug relapse. In the face of growing concern of drug abuse, especially among the young people, this study takes a humane holistic approach in helping the affected to recover and settle.